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This bold attempt to end congressional logrolling and other traditional practices received wide support and seemed to portend a cleansing of Southern politics. Equally important, a two-thirds vote in both houses was now required for the passage of any appropriations not requested by the executive. The Constitution also eliminated bounties for industry and, except for rivers and harbors bills, prohibited expenditures for internal improvements. Although Southerners differed sharply over trade policy, the new Constitution prohibited protective tariffs. Many delegates believed that tariff laws and appropriations bills in the old congress had drained the treasury for private profit. Fear of corruption, for example, conditioned their approach to taxation and spending. Laboring to improve on the old Union and perfect their own notions of republicanism, the Confederate founders applied lessons learned through painful historical experience. Ironically, however, wartime necessity would force the president and Congress to expand state authority in unprecedented ways that not only stretched their constitutional mandate but also anticipated more modern approaches to statecraft. While the delegates forged a strong central government, they also restricted its authority in several politically significant respects. Even though this new government had fairly broad powers, there was a paradox woven into the Confederate Constitution.
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Despite explicit acknowledgement of state rights in the Permanent Constitution, it created a potentially powerful and sovereign nation. The delegates who met in Montgomery, Alabama, to form the Confederate States of America and establish a new government began by drafting a provisional and later a permanent Constitution.